Xalatan: Advanced Glaucoma Management with Latanoprost
| Product dosage: 2.5ml | |||
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| 10 | $40.66
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Synonyms | |||
Xalatan (latanoprost ophthalmic solution) 0.005% is a prostaglandin analog prescribed for the reduction of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. As a first-line treatment, it offers a well-tolerated mechanism of action that enhances uveoscleral outflow, providing consistent and effective pressure control. Its once-daily dosing regimen supports patient adherence, making it a cornerstone in long-term glaucoma management strategies aimed at preserving visual field and preventing optic nerve damage.
Features
- Contains latanoprost 50 mcg/mL (0.005%) as the active ingredient
- Available as a sterile, isotonic, buffered ophthalmic solution
- Formulated with benzalkonium chloride as a preservative
- Supplied in 2.5 mL translucent low-density polyethylene bottles with tamper-evident closures
- pH adjusted to approximately 6.7 for ocular comfort
- Stable at refrigerated temperatures; may be stored at room temperature after opening for up to 6 weeks
Benefits
- Effectively lowers intraocular pressure by approximately 25-35% from baseline
- Once-daily dosing supports long-term treatment adherence and convenience
- Demonstrates a favorable safety profile with minimal systemic absorption
- Helps slow progression of visual field loss in glaucoma patients
- Compatible with many other topical ophthalmic medications when administered appropriately
- Proven efficacy in diverse patient populations including those with pigmentary glaucoma
Common use
Xalatan is primarily indicated for the reduction of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and ocular hypertension (OHT). It is often prescribed as initial monotherapy when medication is required to achieve target IOP levels. Ophthalmologists may also use Xalatan as part of combination therapy when additional IOP reduction is needed beyond what can be achieved with single-agent treatment. The medication is suitable for long-term management, with many patients continuing treatment for years under appropriate supervision.
Dosage and direction
The recommended dosage is one drop in the affected eye(s) once daily in the evening. Administration frequency exceeding once daily may decrease the IOP-lowering effect. If using other topical ophthalmic products, administer them at least 5 minutes apart. Contact lenses should be removed prior to administration and may be reinserted 15 minutes after instillation. Proper administration technique includes gentle pressure on the lacrimal sac for 1 minute to minimize systemic absorption. The solution should be inspected for discoloration or particulate matter before use.
Precautions
Patients should be advised that Xalatan may gradually increase eyelash length, thickness, pigmentation, and number, as well as increase pigmentation of the iris and periorbital tissue. These changes may be permanent. Use with caution in patients with intraocular inflammation, aphakia, pseudophakia with torn posterior lens capsule, or known risk factors for macular edema. Bacterial keratitis has been reported with the use of multiple-dose containers. Patients should not allow the tip of the container to touch any surface to avoid contamination.
Contraindications
Xalatan is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to latanoprost, benzalkonium chloride, or any other component of the formulation. It should not be used in patients with active intraocular inflammation such as uveitis. The safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Nursing mothers should exercise caution, as it is unknown whether latanoprost is excreted in human milk.
Possible side effect
Common ocular adverse reactions (5-15%) include blurred vision, burning and stinging, conjunctival hyperemia, foreign body sensation, itching, increased iris pigmentation, and punctate epithelial keratopathy. Less frequently (1-4%), patients may experience lid discomfort, dry eye, excessive tearing, eye pain, lid crusting, lid edema, lid erythema, photophobia, and conjunctival edema. Serious side effects requiring prompt medical attention include eyelid skin darkening, iris color changes, macular edema, iritis/uveitis, and corneal inflammation.
Drug interaction
Although systemic concentrations are low, theoretical interactions exist with drugs affecting prostaglandin pathways. No formal interaction studies have been performed. In vitro studies show that latanoprost is 97% bound to plasma proteins, which might be displaced by other highly protein-bound drugs. The preservative benzalkonium chloride may be absorbed by soft contact lenses. Concomitant use with other prostaglandin analogs is not recommended due to potential reduction of IOP-lowering effect. Thimerosal-preserved eye drops may cause precipitation when used concurrently.
Missed dose
If a dose is missed, patients should apply the next dose at the usual time the following evening. Do not double the dose to make up for the missed application. Consistent evening administration maintains stable intraocular pressure control. Patients should maintain their regular schedule and contact their healthcare provider if multiple doses are missed or if they have questions about administration timing.
Overdose
Ocular overdose may result in conjunctival or episcleral hyperemia, eyelash growth, or iris pigmentation changes. If accidentally ingested orally, symptomatic treatment is recommended as systemic effects are unlikely due to low plasma concentrations. The bottle contains too little latanoprost to cause significant systemic effects even if the entire contents were ingested. In case of ocular exposure exceeding one drop, rinse thoroughly with warm water. Medical attention should be sought if unusual symptoms occur.
Storage
Store unopened bottles under refrigeration at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F). Once opened, the bottle may be stored at room temperature up to 25°C (77°F) for 6 weeks. Protect from light and excessive heat. Keep the container tightly closed when not in use. Do not freeze. Discard any remaining solution after 6 weeks of opening. Do not use if the solution changes color or becomes cloudy.
Disclaimer
This information is provided for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Treatment decisions should be made in consultation with a qualified healthcare professional. Individual results may vary. Always follow the specific instructions provided by your prescribing physician and the medication’s official prescribing information.
Reviews
Clinical studies demonstrate Xalatan’s consistent efficacy, with 70-80% of patients achieving target intraocular pressure reduction. Ophthalmologists frequently report satisfactory patient tolerance and adherence due to the once-daily regimen. Some practitioners note the potential for cosmetic changes as a consideration in patient selection. The medication maintains its position in treatment guidelines as a first-line option for glaucoma management based on extensive clinical experience and evidence spanning decades of use.