Lumigan: Effective Intraocular Pressure Reduction for Glaucoma
| Product dosage: 0.03mg | |||
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Synonyms | |||
Lumigan (bimatoprost ophthalmic solution) 0.01% is a prostaglandin analogue prescription medication specifically formulated to reduce elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. As a first-line therapeutic option, it offers a well-tolerated mechanism of action that enhances uveoscleral outflow, providing consistent 24-hour IOP control with once-daily dosing. Its efficacy, safety profile, and convenient administration have established it as a cornerstone in the long-term management of these sight-threatening conditions.
Features
- Active ingredient: Bimatoprost 0.01% or 0.03%
- Pharmaceutical class: Prostaglandin analogue
- Formulation: Sterile, isotonic, buffered ophthalmic solution
- Preservative: Benzalkonium chloride 0.05 mg/mL
- pH: Approximately 7.2
- Osmolality: Approximately 290 mOsm/kg
Benefits
- Provides significant and sustained reduction of intraocular pressure, slowing glaucoma progression
- Offers convenient once-daily dosing, enhancing patient adherence to treatment
- Demonstrates consistent 24-hour IOP control, including during nocturnal hours when pressure fluctuations can be most pronounced
- Shows efficacy as monotherapy or in combination with other IOP-lowering agents
- Features a generally favorable side effect profile with long-term use
- May gradually darken iris pigmentation in some patients with mixed-color irides (hazel, green-brown, blue-brown, yellow-brown)
Common use
Lumigan is primarily indicated for the reduction of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. These conditions are characterized by inadequate drainage of aqueous humor through the trabecular meshwork, leading to progressive optic nerve damage and visual field loss if left untreated. The medication is typically prescribed as first-line therapy due to its efficacy, tolerability, and dosing convenience. Ophthalmologists may initiate treatment with Lumigan when monotherapy is indicated or add it to existing regimens when additional IOP reduction is required to meet target pressure goals.
Dosage and direction
The recommended dosage is one drop in the affected eye(s) once daily in the evening. Administration should be consistent, preferably at the same time each day. To administer: Wash hands thoroughly before use. Tilt head back slightly and pull down the lower eyelid to create a small pocket. Hold the dropper above the eye and squeeze one drop into the pocket. Close eyes gently for 1-2 minutes without blinking. Apply light pressure to the corner of the eye (nasolacrimal duct) for approximately one minute to minimize systemic absorption. If using more than one ophthalmic medication, wait at least 5 minutes between applications. Do not touch the dropper tip to any surface to avoid contamination.
Precautions
Patients should be advised that Lumigan may gradually increase brown pigmentation of the iris, which may be permanent. Eyelid skin darkening may also occur and may be reversible upon discontinuation. The medication may gradually increase the length, thickness, and number of eyelashes. Patients should remove contact lenses prior to administration and wait at least 15 minutes before reinsertion, as the preservative may be absorbed by soft contact lenses. Use with caution in patients with intraocular inflammation, aphakic patients, pseudophakic patients with torn posterior lens capsule, or patients with known risk factors for macular edema. Patients should be monitored for changes in eyelashes and periocular skin pigmentation.
Contraindications
Lumigan is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to bimatoprost or any component of the formulation. It should not be used in patients with active intraocular inflammation (such as uveitis) unless the potential benefits outweigh the risks. The safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established. Use during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Exercise caution when prescribing to nursing women, as it is unknown whether bimatoprost is excreted in human milk.
Possible side effects
The most common ocular adverse reactions (approximately 15-45%) include conjunctival hyperemia, growth of eyelashes, and ocular pruritus. Approximately 3-10% of patients may experience ocular dryness, visual disturbance, ocular burning, foreign body sensation, eye pain, pigmentation of the periocular skin, blepharitis, cataract, superficial punctate keratitis, eyelid erythema, ocular irritation, and eyelid darkening. Between 1-3% of patients may experience eye discharge, tearing, photophobia, allergic conjunctivitis, asthenopia, increased iris pigmentation, conjunctival edema, iritis, macular edema, and visual field defects. Systemic side effects are uncommon but may include headaches, asthenia, and hirsutism.
Drug interaction
Although systemic absorption is minimal, potential interactions may occur with other prostaglandin analogues. Concurrent use with multiple topical ophthalmic agents may decrease the corneal penetration of each medication due to dilution and increased lacrimation. The preservative benzalkonium chloride may be incompatible with certain contact lens materials. No clinically significant pharmacokinetic drug interactions have been observed with systemic medications, though theoretical interactions with other drugs affecting aqueous humor dynamics should be considered. Patients using multiple IOP-lowering agents should be monitored for additive effects.
Missed dose
If a dose is missed, patients should apply the drops as soon as they remember, unless it is nearly time for the next scheduled dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and resume the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed application. Maintaining a consistent dosing schedule is important for optimal IOP control, but occasional missed doses are unlikely to significantly affect long-term pressure management. Patients should establish routines to improve adherence, such as associating administration with another daily activity.
Overdose
Ophthalmic overdose is unlikely to produce serious systemic effects due to limited absorption. If accidentally ingested orally, symptomatic treatment should be instituted. Topical overdose may be flushed from the eye(s) with warm water. Systemic effects from ocular overdose would be similar to those of prostaglandin analogues and might include headache, dizziness, nausea, and flushing. In case of accidental ingestion, contact a poison control center immediately. Medical supervision may be necessary if large quantities are ingested, though no specific antidote exists. Supportive care should be provided based on symptoms.
Storage
Store at 2°C to 25°C (36°F to 77°F). Protect from light. Keep the bottle tightly closed when not in use. Do not freeze. Discard the container within 4 weeks of opening to prevent contamination and degradation of the solution. Do not use if the solution changes color or becomes cloudy. Keep out of reach of children and pets. Do not transfer the solution to another container. Store in an upright position to prevent leakage and contamination.
Disclaimer
This information is provided for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Lumigan is a prescription medication that should be used only under the supervision of a qualified healthcare professional. Individual results may vary. Patients should consult their ophthalmologist for proper diagnosis, treatment recommendations, and monitoring. The full prescribing information contains additional details about warnings, precautions, and adverse reactions. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking treatment based on information contained in this document.
Reviews
Clinical studies have demonstrated that Lumigan 0.01% provides equivalent IOP reduction to the 0.03% formulation with improved tolerability and reduced incidence of hyperemia. In randomized controlled trials, patients treated with bimatoprost showed mean IOP reductions of 25-33% from baseline. Long-term extension studies have confirmed maintained efficacy over 24 months of treatment with consistent safety profiles. Patient satisfaction surveys indicate high adherence rates due to once-daily dosing and noticeable efficacy in pressure control. Ophthalmologists frequently report Lumigan as a reliable first-line option that achieves target pressures in a majority of patients, particularly noting its effectiveness in patients requiring substantial IOP reduction.